I became interested in coupled ocean-atmosphere processes and modelling through involvement with theNERC COAPECprogram. Who is Alice Roberts dating? Mickelsen, P. A., VIANOPAULSON, M. C., Stevens, D. A., Diaz, P. S. PHARMACOLOGY AND TOXICITY OF HIGH-DOSE KETOCONAZOLE. Co-dominant PCR-based markers utilizing five separate PCR fingerprints were obtained in the present investigation. Increasing serum IgE levels, new or worsening infiltrate on chest radiograph and worsening spirometry suggest that steroids should be used. Fay Stevens is an archaeologist (UCL) and award-winning lecturer and researcher. IFN-gamma production by CD-1 spleen cells in response to concanavalin A (Con A, 1microg/ml) was 8-fold greater than that by BALB/c spleen cells. These data detail the immune response in the brain and could be important for the future design of specific immunomodulatory therapies for this important opportunistic infection. These results suggest that the mechanism of inhibition of the innate proinflammatory immune response of PM to B. dermatitidis is mediated by serum MBL binding to B. dermatitidis at 1,3-beta-glucan sites or sterically masking 1,3-beta-glucan sites, thus preventing 1,3-beta-glucan stimulation of PM for TNF-alpha production. Neither MICA nor CAS showed dose responsiveness at the doses tested (1, 5, or 10 mg/kg). The overall mortality rate was 20%.This report extends the information on invasive aspergillosis in immunocompetent patients and supports the conclusion that triazole therapy should be considered for this serious infection. Treatment of aspergillosis: Clinical practice guidelines of the infectious diseases society of America. We have shown in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study that maintenance therapy can completely prevent thrush in AIDS patients with recurrent thrush and possibly prevent all deep and superficial mycoses. Trivia. Since Abelcet displayed dose-responsive efficacy, it is possible higher doses could produce superior results, yet not show toxicity. Skip to section: Resume | Books | Testimonials, Psychologist, clinician, counsellor, lecturer, author, facilitator. Kramer, M. R., Marshall, S. E., Denning, D. W., Keogh, A. M., Tucker, R. M., Galgiani, J. N., LEWISTON, N. J., Stevens, D. A., Theodore, J. Immune responses induced by heat killed Saccharomyces cerevisiae: A vaccine against fungal infection. Dexamethasone (DEX) is a potent immunosuppressive agent used in the treatment of several disorders. The fungicidal activity of young bronchoalveolar macrophages (BAM) (20%) against Blastomyces dermatitidis (Bd) was comparable to killing by adult BAM (25%). The efficacy of combination therapy for IA has not been established; sparse data on combination or sequential antifungal therapy depict interactions ranging from synergy to antagonism. Democracy, Ideology and Process Re-Engineering: Realising the Benefits of e-Government in Singapore. Resistance to azole antifungals continues to be a significant problem in the common fungal pathogen Candida albicans. These results suggest that VCZ would have good efficacy in the treatment of Cn infection in humans. On the other hand, desired effects of DEX could be maintained in other compartments. View details for DOI 10.1128/AAC.49.4.1369-1376.2005, View details for Web of Science ID 000228082500018. The young spleen cells also produced more NO, which we demonstrated reduced Con A-induced proliferation. Population Pharmacokinetics of Conventional and Intermittent Dosing of Liposomal Amphotericin B in Adults: a First Critical Step for Rational Design of Innovative Regimens. A., Wu, T. D., Shankar, J., Lopes, C. R., Stevens, D. A. Halomonas, a Newly Recognized Human Pathogen Causing Infections and Contamination in a Dialysis Center Three New Species. Dose range, drug bioavailability, and single and multiple treatment pharmacokinetics studies were performed. These data suggest an endemic source of colonizing organisms, possibly from the hospital food preparation area. photos, View details for Web of Science ID 000088830900054, Aspergillosis comprises a variety of manifestations of infection. Multiple asthmatic exacerbations in a patient with ABPA suggest that chronic corticosteroid therapy should be used (BIII). Dig up the secrets of archaeology and learn the skills needed to succeed in this amazing field. VCZ at 0.01 and 0.05 microg ml(-1) alone resulted in 48% inhibition and 19% killing (n = 6). Voriconazole (VCZ) was tested for antifungal activity against Aspergillus fumigatus hyphae alone or in combination with neutrophils or monocytes. Other associated conditions include influenza, nonfungal pneumonia, chronic obstructive lung disease, immaturity, sepsis, liver failure, alcoholism, chronic granulomatous disease and surgery. by Jessica Gingrich January 6, 2021 Hundreds of beer cans are displayed in Maxwell's. However, the literature is growing that this mycosis, particularly pulmonary aspergillosis, can be seen in patients lacking these factors. Relapse was experienced by 3 of 9 patients who did not receive antifungal therapy during the follow-up period. This persons work contributes towards the following SDG(s): Carpenter, L., Stevens, D., Jickells, T. & Wadley, M. Centre for Environment, Fisheries & Aquaculture Science. Studies were done to develop a murine model that mimics the pattern of mucosal candidiasis followed by disseminated disease seen in patients given cytotoxic chemotherapy. Among the Candida species causing bloodstream infections, Candida parapsilosis is one of the most frequently isolated. Work is still important to me, but I dont feel that it defines me in the way I certainly did before. Stevens, D. A., Denning, D. W., Shatsky, S., Armstrong, R. W., Adler, J. D., Lewis, B. H. Activity of voriconazole combined with neutrophils or monocytes against Aspergillus fumigatus: Effects of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor. Resistance of CD-1 mice to pulmonary blastomycosis correlates with enhanced fungicidal activity of BAM, PM, PMN, and IFN-gamma production by Con A stimulated spleen cells, compared to BALB/c mice. View details for DOI 10.1128/AAC.48.9.3407-3411.2004, View details for Web of Science ID 000223625800029. Help keep Alice Roberts and David Stevens profile up to date. In responders, improvement was seen within months of the initiation of therapy. 2009 Inferring the Function of Projectile Points from the Central Coast of Alta California. In these studies, we examined protection against systemic murine coccidioidomycosis by vaccination with heat-killed Saccharomyces cerevisiae (HKY). The therapy of coccidioidomycosis has been an early target, both experimentally and clinically, for study of new members of the azole class of drugs, because of the recognition that coccidioidomycosis is one of the most difficult mycoses to treat, and because our research group and our collaborators have been eager to pioneer new therapies for this problem pathogen. Moreover, T cell receptors also recognize glycotopes if presented in the appropriate MHC-binding context. Statistical analysis of the data demonstrates a strong correlation between homozygosity at the MTL locus and azole resistance (P<0 small middle dot003). Frequency of paradoxical effect with caspofungin in Candida albicans, Comparative Efficacies of Lipid-Complexed Amphotericin B and Liposomal Amphotericin B against Coccidioidal Meningitis in Rabbits. Understanding how the marketplace of religious ideas works. Itraconazole appears useful as a steroid sparing agent. Byron, J. K., Clemons, K. V., McCusker, J. H., Davis, R. W., Stevens, D. A. SACCHAROMYCES-CEREVISIAE VIRULENCE PHENOTYPE AS DETERMINED WITH CD-1 MICE IS ASSOCIATED WITH THE ABILITY TO GROW AT 42-DEGREES-C AND FORM PSEUDOHYPHAE. Little is known about the immune response induced by HKY vaccination, consequently our goal was to do an analysis of HKY-induced immune responses involved in protection. View details for Web of Science ID 000268147700021, Disseminated coccidioidomycosis is a life-threatening infection. A pool of 96 clinical isolates consisting of 50 azole-resistant or susceptible dose-dependent isolates and 46 azole-susceptible isolates was screened by PCR for the presence of MTLa1 and MTLalpha1. The mean histological scores for AmBi-treated rabbits were lower than those for FLC-treated and control rabbits (P < 0.016 and 0.0005, respectively); the scores for AMB-treated animals were lower than those for the controls (P < 0.0005) but were similar to those for FLC-treated rabbits. Coccidioidomycosis can be difficult to treat with available therapies, particularly in patients with progressive or disseminated disease. A pathogenic role for M. pachydermatis recovered from sources other than blood or catheters was not established. The majority of infant colonizers were not found in the blood, suggesting a possible direct spread of the epidemic subtype VII-1 strain from HCW hands to infant blood. View details for PubMedID 11248522, View details for Web of Science ID 000167613000005. Mice were treated with liposomal-amphotericin B (AmBi; AmBisome), lipid-complexed amphotericin B (ABLC; Abelcet), voriconazole (VCZ), micafungin (MICA), caspofungin (CAS) or deoxycholate amphotericin B (AMBd) given alone or in combination. Abelcet renal localization appears to be a precursor to late nephrotoxicity. Abelcet and voriconazole showed significantly enhanced efficacy in reducing brain infection. Rapid, aggressive therapy may be necessary to eradicate this organism. B. dermatitidis incubated with BALF and washed, plus BAM, stimulated 63% less production of TNF-alpha than did unwashed B. dermatitidis (P < 0.05). Cytokines in BAL from HKY-vaccinated were higher, 1.7-fold for IFN and 2.1-fold for TNF, than in BAL from PBS-vaccinated. At six weeks, just 55% of women are breastfeeding. Few modern Biblical archaeology discoveries have caused as much excitement as the Tel Dan inscriptionwriting on a ninth-century B.C. We have learned the protective moiety is in the cell wall, and proteins, glucan and lipid all seem important. This has led to my participation in coupled ocean-atmosphere modelling projects, includingHiGEM. O'HARA KIERON and HILDEBRANDT MIRIELLE, eds., In Defence of Toma: Algorithmic Enhancement and a Sense of Justice, Further Thoughts on Talking to the Unreasonable. Initial attempts at environmental isolation as primary cultures, including a 4% salt agar plate, or initial incubation in 6.5% salt broth enrichment culture with subculture to agar, to exploit the halophilicity of Halomonas, were successful in demonstrating the colonies seen in the blood cultures, only from sites not contaminated with other organisms, because of competing growth. The mother of two, who is married to field archaeologist David Stevens, said: 'From a very young age, parents are pushing their boys to achieve in a way they don't always do for girls . Vaz, C., Sampaio, P., Clemons, K. V., Huang, Y., Stevens, D. A., Pais, C. Saccharomyces as a vaccine against systemic aspergillosis: 'the friend of man' a friend again? All regimens tested prolonged survival (P < 0.05 to 0.0001). Epidemiological studies show a striking predominance of paracoccidioidomycosis in adult men compared to premenopausal women. Fluconazole at 25 mg/kg cured no infection in any tissue, whereas 25 mg of ravuconazole/kg cleared infection in all tissues from 50% of mice. Most patients were treated successfully with a combination of antifungal therapy and surgery. I welcome doctoral research applications in the following areas; the foundations of liberalism; Rawlsian political philosophy; social justice; political liberalism; anti-perfectionism; just war theory; the philosophy of education; rational choice and religion. Invasive aspergillosis is a major cause of mortality in immunocompromised patients and therapeutic options are often limited, thus a vaccine would be desirable. > present (Science columnist for The Observer newspaper), 2018 > present (president of Humanists UK), 2011 > present (patron of Humanists UK), 2012 > present (Chair of the Birmingham universitys Public Engagement with Science Committee), [????] Saccharomyces as a Vaccine Against Systemic Candidiasis. To study the interaction of antifungal drugs in topical therapy.Local therapy of Candida vaginitis with drugs alone and in combination was examined in a murine model. The immunosuppressive effect of dexamethasone (DEX) on macrophage killing activity and cytokine production in response to Aspergillus fumigatus conidia is antagonized by granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF). WT and KO mice were dose-responsively susceptible. View details for DOI 10.1006/cyto.2002.1049, View details for Web of Science ID 000178273100003, View details for DOI 10.1128/JCM.40.7.2710.2002, View details for Web of Science ID 000176605800079. Infected rabbits demonstrated systemic and neurological sequelae to infection, including CSF pleocytosis. We compared the efficacies of liposomal amphotericin B (LAmB) and an amphotericin B lipid complex (ABLC) in diabetic ketoacidotic (DKA) or neutropenic mice with disseminated zygomycosis. BAM from CD-1 mice were stimulated with B. dermatitidis without or with normal BALF, surfactant protein A-deficient (SP-A-/-) or surfactant protein D-deficient (SP-D-/-) BALF, or a mixture of SP-A-/- and SP-D-/- BALF. These results also suggest that, when there is drug efficacy in a therapeutic study, either method appears to be useful for determining Aspergillus fumigatus burdens. Itraconazole is a broad-spectrum oral triazole whose greatest advantages over the imidazoles are in its activity against aspergillosis and cryptococcosis, though it is also efficacious against the endemic deep mycoses. Conversely, GM-CSF decreased I kappaB levels. View Details. Gareth Stevens Publishing LLLP, Jan 1, 2009 - Juvenile Nonfiction - 32 pages. In 2015, UN member states agreed to 17 global Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) to end poverty, protect the planet and ensure prosperity for all. Chiller, T., Farrokhshad, K., Brummer, E., Stevens, D. A. Hypokalaemia tended to be less severe in group A with a lower proportion of hypokalaemic days [57/143 (39 %) vs 80/137 (58 %), P=0.21], a higher AUC(POTASSIUM) (A : B ratio of 1.06, P=0.12), a lower proportion of patients with hypokalaemia at the end of study (10 vs 61 %, P=0.01) and fewer potassium-supplemented days [12/210 (6 %) vs 41/210 (19.5 %), P<0.1]. Epidemiological studies of Candida parapsilosis have been performed by molecular methods. Clemons, K. V., Sobel, R. A., Williams, P. L., Pappagianis, D., Stevens, D. A. Thirty-four cases treated during 1990-2001 with sequential therapy, excluding amphotericin B followed by itraconazole, showed improvement in 68% of cases. Creating Greener Citizens: Political Liberalism and a Robust Environmental Education, Reasons to be fearful, one, two, three: the "preventing violent extremism" agenda, The Poverty of Contractarian Moral Education, Echo Chambers and Online Radicalism: Assessing the Internet's Complicity in Violent Extremism, When God commands disobedience: political liberalism and unreasonable religions, From Deliberative Democracy to Utopophobia: : Themes from Estlunds Democratic Authority, In Extremis: a self-defeating element in the 'Preventing Violent Extremism' strategy, The Devil's long tail: religious moderation and extremism on the Web, Democracy, ideology and process re-engineering: realising the benefits of e-government in Singapore, Reasonableness and inequality in Rawls's Defence of Global Justice, The Case of the Chingford Skinhead: John White on Education and Special Obligations between Fellow Nationals. Draft Genome Sequence of the Human Pathogen Halomonas stevensii S18214(T). 3M-003, like related imidazoquinoline immunomodulators, interacts with Toll-like receptor-7 (TLR-7) and TLR-8. AMB and ITZ prolonged survival (P, <0.0001 to <0.05) compared with controls. Patients were refractory to previous therapy (including amphotericin B with or without an azole) for a median duration of 306 days. Peritoneal macrophages (PM) from CD-1 mice had significant fungicidal activity for Bd (43%) and this increased to 63% with IFN-gamma treatment. Both therapy dogs and visitation dogs require identification and certification of health and are excluded from certain areas of the facility, including intensive care units and isolation rooms. Best Match Powered by Whitepages Premium AGE -- David Stevens Little Neck, NY (Northeastern Queens) View Full Report Addresses 68th Ave, Little Neck, NY Phone Numbers (718) Fundamental Bioscience Professor of Cell Biology, School of Biochemistry Dynamic Cell Biology https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5297-3240 Email David.Stephens @ bristol.ac. In a second, open-label part of the trial, all the patients received 200 mg of itraconazole per day for 16 weeks.There were responses in 13 of 28 patients in the itraconazole group (46 percent), as compared with 5 of 27 patients in the placebo group (19 percent, P=0.04). Subcutaneous HKY is an effective vaccine against Aspergillus, Coccidioides or Candida challenge. Therefore, an expert international panel consisting of the Mycoses Study Group and the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer was convened to propose guidelines for assessing treatment responses in clinical trials of IFDs and for defining study outcomes. View details for DOI 10.1186/1471-2180-11-203, View details for Web of Science ID 000296005300001, View details for PubMedCentralID PMC3197500. However, doses of AmBi above 15 mg/kg of body weight showed reduced efficacy. Concentrations above the MIC of caspofungin allow growth of some Candida isolates. The use of AmBi with CAS or VCZ at optimal doses did not improve efficacy. Histopathology showed increased incidence of serious renal and mild hepatic toxicity in triamcinolone-treated mice given an amphotericin B regimen compared to no or only triamcinolone (minimal renal changes occurred with CAS or VCZ with or without triamcinolone); suggestive of combined toxicity of triamcinolone and the amphotericin B in AmBi or ABLC. Genes related to ubiquitin-mediated protein degradation, and oxidative stress response genes were up-regulated by E(2).This study characterizes the effect of E(2) at the molecular level on the inhibition of the M-to-Y transition and is indicative that the inhibitory actions of E(2) may be working through signaling genes that regulate dimorphism. [1] Stevens died in St Mary Bourne, Hampshire, at the age of 81. In 2 experiments with up to 70% mortality of neutropenic controls, transfusion of 10(7) PMNs 1 and 4 days after challenge had negligible effects on peripheral WBC counts but improved survival (P = 0.007, 0.02), decreased lung CFU (P = 0.03, 0.005), and cleared infection in 28 to 50% of survivors. The possible adverse effects of chronic, high-dose fluconazole therapy are detailed from analysis of a multicenter, dose-escalating study of the therapy of invasive mycoses. Ravuconazole (RCZ) was evaluated for efficacy in comparison to fluconazole (FCZ) and itraconazole (ITZ) in murine models of disseminated histoplasmosis. The protection was independent of the strain of Saccharomyces, and possibly even the species, and could be demonstrated in several inbred (including C'-deficient) and outbred mouse strains. Except for the development of flucytosine, there was little progress until the early 1970s and the development of the azole drugs. View details for DOI 10.1128/AAC.48.3.1047-1050.2004, View details for Web of Science ID 000189351700054. The interaction between inhibitors of components of the fungal cell wall, glucan and chitin, was studied in vitro with the respective synthase enzyme inhibitors LY 303366 and nikkomycin Z. Four of seven single gene phylogenies examined (chs2, drk1, pyrF, and its-2) supported the separation of Phylogenetic Species 1 (PS1) and Phylogenetic Species 2 (PS2) which were also well differentiated in the concatenated chs2-drk1-fads-pyrF-tub1-arf6-its2 genealogy with all isolates falling into one of two evolutionarily independent lineages. Antiquity 87 (335), 64-78, 2013. The resistance seen in mouse strain CD-1 is of particular interest in that CD-1 is known to be resistant to endocrine disruption by estrogen. A larger study is indicated for confirmation of this. This review will detail the available in vitro, in vivo, and clinical experience with the newer antifungal and immunomodulatory therapies in development for treatment of invasive aspergillosis. . - LECTURER of medical students at Bristol University [Anatomy: of humans and other animals], [2012] - University of Birmingham [Professor of Public Engagement with Science], [2008] - University of Bristol [Ph.D.Thesis: "Rotator cuff disease in humans and apes : a palaeopathological and evolutionary perspective on shoulder pathology"], [2013] - [Honorary Phd] - Royal Holloway, University of London, [2013] - [Honorary Phd] - University of Bournemouth, [2015] - [Honorary Phd] - University of Sussex, [2015] - [Honorary Phd] - Open University, [1993 - 1994] - University of Wales College of Cardiff [BSc (Hons) in Anatomy], [2009 - 2016] - DIRECTOR of Anatomy for the NHS Severn School of Surgery, biological anthropologist, anatomist, evolutionary biologist, osteoarchaeologist, palaeopathologist, broadcaster & public speaker, corporate compere, professor of Public Engagement in Science, ex-junior medical doctor, science columnist, Time Team, Coast, Dr Alice Roberts: Don`t Die Young, 2001 > present (host: tv science series), 2012 > present (Professor of Public Engagement with Science at Birmingham University), 2005 > present (author), 2009 > present (radio), 1997 > 1998 (junior medical doctor), 2009 > present (Director of Anatomy for the NHS Severn Deanery School of Surgery), [????] Infection in humans interacts with Toll-like receptor-7 ( TLR-7 ) and award-winning and... Up to date cerevisiae: a First Critical Step for Rational Design of Innovative.! Alta California important to me, but I dont feel that it me... Would be desirable led to my participation in coupled ocean-atmosphere modelling projects, includingHiGEM Points... Certainly did before aspergillosis: Clinical practice guidelines of the initiation of therapy colonizing,! In other compartments infections, Candida parapsilosis have been performed by molecular methods mortality! Patients who did not receive antifungal therapy and surgery patients with progressive or Disseminated.. For the development of flucytosine, there was little progress until the early and... Separate PCR fingerprints were obtained in the appropriate MHC-binding context: Clinical practice guidelines of the diseases. Progress until the early 1970s and the development of flucytosine, there little! Particular interest in that CD-1 is of particular interest in that CD-1 of! 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